Concussion: quick guide for coaches, parents and participants

Concussion is a brain injury — not always obvious, and it can happen without a loss of consciousness. Our short guide explains how to recognise the signs, what to do immediately, and how to safely manage recovery so people can return to school, work and sport when it’s safe to do so. The guidance is written for the general public and for settings where specialist medical staff may not be present.

Key takeaways

• If in doubt, sit them out. Anyone suspected of concussion must be removed from play immediately.

• Watch for danger signs (worsening headache, repeated vomiting, seizures, increasing drowsiness) — call an ambulance if they appear.

• Initial relative rest for 24–48 hours is recommended, followed by stepwise return-to-learn and return-to-play under healthcare guidance.

Want the full guidance?

Download the full Concussion Guidelines (PDF) — the complete document includes recognition checklists, questions to ask, and recommended steps for returning young people to education and activity.